Tribute Penny Render Unto Caesar Jesus Christ Biblical Coins

The guide to the ancient silver Roman coin described in the bible brought before Christ

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The Most Likely Candidates for the Silver Coin Described in the Bible under Mark 12:14-17

Quoting the Bible: "Is it lawful to give tribute to Caesar, or not? Shall we give, or shall we not give? But He, knowing their hypocrisy, said unto them, Why temp ye me? Bring me a penny, that I may see it. And they brought it. And He saith unto them, Whose is this image and superscription? And they said unto Him, Caesar's. And Jesus, answering, said unto them, Render to Caesar the things that are Caesar's and to God the things that are God's (Mark 12:14-17)" Who the Caesars Were Julius Caesar, the famous military commander and dictator of Rome was the originator of the name Caesar that the Roman emperors adopted. Augustus being an adopted heir of Julius Caesar, also took on his name. This was an important political tactic giving him the power of Julius Caesar as an adopted son. An adopted son would therefore carry the popularity that Caesar had. Augustus was Roman emperor from 27 B.C. - 14 A.D., officially. Upon his death, the next emperor was Tiberius. He, too, as later emperors assumed the title of Caesar in his name, especially written on coins. So therefore, Caesar was a name that many emperors assumed and put on their coins. Types of Silver Coins bearing the name "Caesar" in Circulation during the Life of Jesus Christ When the 1611 edition of the King James Bible was written, the term for Roman denarius whose Greek equivalent was the drachm was translated to the Anglo-Saxon penny as known to the British, which was their standard silver coin denomination at the time. So we know three rulers who would have had a denarius silver coin with the name "Caesar" written on them. And they would be.

Julius Caesar, died March 15th, 44 B.C.
Augustus, Roman emperor who ruled 27 B.C. - 14 A.D.
Tiberius, Roman emperor who ruled 14 A.D. - 37 A.D.

Most Likely Candidates for the Coin Described in the Bible Quoting the section from Mark, "Whose is this image and superscription?". We must come to the conclusion that the coin must, have a portrait of a ruler and also have a "superscription" or in other words the word Caesar in the title and be a coin of the denarius (or possibly drachm) denomination. Although the coins of Julius Caesar did exist in denarius form with his portrait, they are quite rare, and would not have been minted since 44 B.C., so likely would not be a common type of coin in circulation at the time, although certainly a candidate. Then there are the coins of Augustus, who feature the word "Caesar" whom also had the denarius coin with his portrait and who issued a lot of them in his reign from before Jesus' birth to his young adulthood from 27 B.C. - 14 A.D. So this would be a more likely candidate for the coin that was brought before Jesus Christ. Another point to be made is that the Augustus coins are much more plentiful in the times of Jesus Christ than the coins of Tiberius circulating in the area of Jerusalem. And lastly, the most traditionally attributed coin as being the Tribute Penny is the silver denarius coin of emperor Tiberius, whom reigned 14-37 A.D. and also feature the title of Caesar on them. These would have been the most recently-minted coins in the context of the time period described and therefore the most widely-accepted form of the Tribute Penny. Conclusion In conclusion, the coin that was talked about in the bible would have to have four characteristics.

Would have to have been minted during the lifetime or before the birth of Jesus Christ.
Would be silver and of the Roman denarius denomination.
Would have the portrait of the Roman ruler on it.
Would have the word "Caesar" in the inscription on them

So therefore they would be portrait Julius Caesar silver denarius coins, Augustus silver denarius coins, or Tiberius silver denarius coins with the inscription of "Caesar" on them.

Examples of the Ancient Silver Roman coins that could be described as the biblical Tribute Penny

Below are the three possibilities that fit the biblical account of the Tribute Penny, including the two most likely-ones, those of Augustus and Tiberius.

Julius Caesar portrait silver denarius coin from 44 B.C.

Notice the term "Caesar" on it's obverse and incidentally the first time a living ruler's portrait was placed on a coin. Coin's description: Julius Caesar - Roman Dictator - Silver Denarius Rome, 44 B.C. CAESAR IMP, laureate head of Julius Caesar right; behind, lituus and simpulum behind. M METTIVS, Venus standing facing, head left, holding Victory and scepter, resting elbow on shield set on globe behind her; in left field.

Roman Emperor Augustus' coin from circa 2 B.C. featuring Caius and Lucius Caesars

Here is the second example cited in the article that I conclude could be the type described. Coin's Description : Augustus - Roman Emperor: 27 B.C. - 14 A.D. Silver Denarius 19mm Rome mint: 2 B.C. - 2 A.D. CAESAR AVGVSTVS DIVI F. PATER PATRIAE, his laurel head right. C . L . CAESARES AVGVSTI F . COS . DESIG . PRINC . IVVENT., Caius and Lucius Caesars standing facing, shields and spears between them; above, between the spears, simpulum and lituus turned inwards.

Tiberius, Roman Emperor 14-37 A.D. silver Denarius ancient silver Roman coin that is the most popular and well-known "Tribute Penny" type

This is the coin that is most widely attributed to the coin described in the Bible by the scholars of biblical coins of the nineteenth century. Coin's Description Tiberius - Roman Emperor: 14-37 A.D. - Silver Denarius 17mm Lugdunum mint: 14-37 A.D. THE BIBLICAL TRIBUTE PENNY Reference: BN II, 42, 28; RIC 95, 30. C 16 TI CAESAR DIVI AVG F AVGVSTVS - Laureate head right. PONTIF MAXIM - Livia seated right, holding spear and branch; ornamented chair legs.

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Article by Ilya Zlobin, world-renowned expert numismatist, enthusiast, author and dealer in authentic ancient Greek, ancient Roman, ancient Byzantine coins and beyond.

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Find It Here: TRIBUTE Penny Jesus Christ RENDER UNTO CAESAR Biblical Roman Coins Guide Cool blog post pertaining to ancient coins. An ancient coin expert posted this for educational purposes.

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Tuesday, November 22, 2016

TRIBUTE Penny Jesus Christ RENDER UNTO CAESAR Biblical Roman Coins Guide